Merge pull request 'MIL-001: Project foundation' (#35) from mil-001-project-foundation into main

.gitea/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Continuous integration for the Snake Game.
+#
+# Run by Gitea Actions. The file lives in .gitea/workflows, not in
+# .github/workflows: GitHub refuses a push that touches .github/workflows from a
+# token without the workflow scope, and that blocks the push mirror to GitHub.
+# Runs the same checks as the README, "Run the tests".
+#
+# The tests need no display: `snake_game.snake` does not import `turtle` until a
+# real segment is created, and the tests pass fakes.
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  checks:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Python 3.13
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.13"
+
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+
+      - name: Tests
+        run: python -m pytest
+
+      - name: Lint
+        run: python -m ruff check src tests
+
+      - name: Format check
+        run: python -m ruff format --check src tests
+
+      - name: Types
+        run: python -m mypy

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Personal tokens: never commit or import this file
+.env
+
+# Virtual environment
+.venv
+venv
+
+# Byte-compiled and cached files
+__pycache__
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# Packaging and build output (build/ also holds the Doxygen HTML)
+build/
+dist/
+*.egg-info/
+*.egg
+.eggs/
+pip-wheel-metadata/
+
+# Test, lint and type-check caches
+.pytest_cache/
+.ruff_cache/
+.mypy_cache/
+.coverage
+.coverage.*
+htmlcov/
+
+# Editors and operating systems
+.idea/
+.vscode/
+*.swp
+.DS_Store
+Thumbs.db
+.codex/agents/
+
+# Local state: the high score file of the game (day 24)
+data.txt

Doxyfile

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Doxygen configuration for the snake game (Python sources in src/).
+#
+# Build:  doxygen Doxyfile
+# Output: build/doxygen/index.html
+#
+# Only the settings that differ from the Doxygen defaults are listed. A warning
+# (for example an undocumented public item) fails the build.
+
+DOXYFILE_ENCODING      = UTF-8
+PROJECT_NAME           = "Snake Game"
+PROJECT_BRIEF          = "Snake game from Udemy's 100 Days of Code (day 24)"
+OUTPUT_DIRECTORY       = build
+HTML_OUTPUT            = doxygen
+
+# Python sources are documented with Doxygen commands in docstrings and in
+# "##" comments.
+OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_JAVA   = YES
+EXTRACT_ALL            = NO
+EXTRACT_PRIVATE        = NO
+
+INPUT                  = src
+FILE_PATTERNS          = *.py
+RECURSIVE              = YES
+SOURCE_BROWSER         = YES
+
+GENERATE_HTML          = YES
+GENERATE_LATEX         = NO
+HAVE_DOT               = NO
+
+QUIET                  = YES
+WARNINGS               = YES
+WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED   = YES
+WARN_IF_DOC_ERROR      = YES
+WARN_IF_INCOMPLETE_DOC = YES
+# NO: with YES, Doxygen also asks for an @return on every "-> None" function.
+WARN_NO_PARAMDOC       = NO
+WARN_AS_ERROR          = FAIL_ON_WARNINGS

README.md

@@ -1,2 +1,157 @@
-# 024-snake
+# Snake Game (Day 24)
 
+The classic Snake game, built with Python's `turtle` module. It is the day-24
+assignment of Udemy's *100 Days of Code: The Complete Python Pro Bootcamp*. Day 24
+teaches the local file system and reading and writing files with `open` and the
+`with` keyword, and applies them to the snake game: the scoreboard shows a high
+score next to the score, the game goes on after a collision instead of ending, and
+the high score is kept in the file `data.txt`, so it is still there the next time
+the game is started.
+
+The game has no runtime dependencies. The code keeps the names of the lectures
+(`Snake`, `create_snake`, `move`, `reset`, `up`, `down`, `left`, `right`,
+`segments`, `head`, `game_is_on`, `Food`, `Scoreboard`, `refresh`, `extend`,
+`increase_score`, `update_scoreboard`, `high_score`) so that you can compare it
+with your own solution.
+
+This repository continues
+[021-snake-game](https://git.tirsystem.com/Tirsvad-Udemy-100-days-of-code/021-snake-game)
+and starts from its finished game; `docs/project-plan.md` tells how the work is
+split into milestones.
+
+> **Status:** in progress. The repository foundation (this README, the
+> configuration, the constants, the Doxygen settings and the continuous
+> integration workflow) is in place; the game itself, continuous play, the high
+> score and the high score file follow in milestones 2 to 4, and the wiki in
+> milestone 5. The sections below describe the finished game.
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Python 3.13 or newer, with `tkinter` (the `turtle` module needs it).
+- `git`, to clone the repository.
+- Optional: [Doxygen](https://www.doxygen.nl/) to build the source documentation.
+- No runtime dependencies. The development tools (`pytest`, `ruff`, `mypy`) are
+  installed into the virtual environment by the `dev` extra.
+
+## Set up
+
+Clone the repository, then create a local virtual environment `.venv` in its
+root, upgrade `pip` and install the project with its development tools. The
+`.venv` folder is ignored by git.
+
+```bash
+git clone https://git.tirsystem.com/Tirsvad-Udemy-100-days-of-code/024-snake.git
+cd 024-snake
+```
+
+### Windows powershell
+
+```powershell
+python -m venv .venv
+.\.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1
+python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+```
+
+If PowerShell refuses to run the activation script, allow scripts for this
+window only with `Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned`
+and activate again. Python from python.org includes `tkinter`.
+
+### Linux debian
+
+Debian 13 or newer ships Python 3.13. On older releases install Python 3.13
+separately.
+
+```bash
+sudo apt install python3 python3-venv python3-tk
+python3 -m venv .venv
+source .venv/bin/activate
+python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+```
+
+### MacOS
+
+```bash
+brew install python@3.13 python-tk@3.13
+python3.13 -m venv .venv
+source .venv/bin/activate
+python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+python -m pip install -e ".[dev]"
+```
+
+## Run
+
+With the virtual environment active:
+
+```bash
+python -m snake_game
+```
+
+The game itself is added in milestone 2 (see the status above); this section
+is completed with the controls, the two scores and the high score file in
+milestones 2 to 5.
+
+## Run the tests
+
+The tests need no display: they use fakes instead of real turtles.
+
+```bash
+pytest
+```
+
+The same checks that continuous integration runs:
+
+```bash
+python -m pytest
+python -m ruff check src tests
+python -m ruff format --check src tests
+python -m mypy
+```
+
+## Continuous integration
+
+`.gitea/workflows/ci.yml` runs on Gitea Actions on every push and on every pull
+request. It sets up Python 3.13, upgrades `pip`, installs `.[dev]`, then runs
+`pytest`, `ruff` (lint and format check) and `mypy`. It does not build the source
+documentation: run `doxygen Doxyfile` yourself, as the next section shows. No
+step opens a turtle window.
+
+The workflow lives in `.gitea/workflows` and not in `.github/workflows`, so
+GitHub does not run it and pushing to a GitHub mirror needs no workflow
+permission.
+
+## Build the source documentation
+
+The source is documented with Doxygen comments and the `Doxyfile` in the root.
+Install Doxygen (`winget install DimitriVanHeesch.Doxygen` on Windows,
+`sudo apt install doxygen` on Debian, `brew install doxygen` on macOS), then:
+
+```bash
+doxygen Doxyfile
+```
+
+The HTML is written to `build/doxygen/index.html`. A warning fails the build.
+
+## Project layout
+
+```text
+.
+├── .gitea/workflows/ci.yml    continuous integration (Gitea Actions)
+├── docs/                      business case, plan, milestones, reviews
+├── src/snake_game/            the game
+│   ├── __init__.py
+│   └── constants.py           every constant of the game
+├── tests/                     pytest tests
+├── Doxyfile                   source documentation settings
+├── LICENSE
+├── pyproject.toml             project configuration
+└── README.md
+```
+
+The remaining modules (`snake.py`, `food.py`, `scoreboard.py`, `main.py` and
+`__main__.py`) are added in milestone 2.
+
+## License
+
+GNU Affero General Public License v3.0 only. See [LICENSE](LICENSE).

docs/artifact-registry.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ document of a type. `Primary File` may contain a glob (e.g.
 | PP | Project Plan | docs/project-plan.md | 002 |
 | MIL | Milestone / Gateway | docs/milestones/*.md | 006 |
 | DICT | Domain Dictionary | docs/dictionary.md | 002 |
-| RC | SQA Review Record | docs/sqa/reviews/rc-*.md | 009 |
+| RC | SQA Review Record | docs/sqa/reviews/rc-*.md | 010 |
 
 ## Languages
 

docs/sqa/reviews/rc-009-mil-001-code.md

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# RC-009: Code review of MIL-001 (project foundation: constants, package, tests)
+
+## Metadata
+| Key | Value |
+| --- | --- |
+| ID | RC-009 |
+| CrossReference | [MIL-001], [QC-PY-001] |
+
+## Version History
+| Date | Status | Author | Reviewer | Change | Commit |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| 2026-10-13 | Proposed | Jens Tirsvad Nielsen | AI as stand-in for S01 | Initial version | [61d6df7] |
+
+---
+
+## Artifact Under Review
+
+- Instance reviewed: the source and tests that [MIL-001] delivers (project foundation: constants, package, tests)
+- Checklist used: [QC-PY-001]
+- Scope: full review of the files changed on the branch of the milestone
+- Language and domain: n/a
+- Language reviewer: none
+- Mode: autonomous, not independent (the reviewer is `AI as stand-in for S01`; the assistant also wrote the code)
+
+## Checklist Results
+
+| # | Criterion | Status | Evidence/Notes |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| 1 | Packages, modules, functions, variables, classes and constants follow PEP 8 casing (`snake_case`, `PascalCase`, `UPPER_SNAKE`) | Pass | `SCREEN_WIDTH`, `BODY_COLOR` and the other constants are `UPPER_SNAKE`; test functions are `snake_case`; the package is `snake_game`. |
+| 2 | Names state purpose in the domain's language; no unexplained abbreviations, no single-letter names outside tiny scopes | Pass | Names state purpose (`STARTING_POSITIONS`, `FOOD_COLLISION_DISTANCE`); the only short names are `x` and `y` in tiny comprehensions. |
+| 3 | Code is produced by the project's formatter and passes its linter with no unexplained suppressions | Pass | `python -m ruff check src tests` and `python -m ruff format --check src tests` exit 0 with the selection E, F, W, I, N, UP, B, SIM; no `noqa`. |
+| 4 | Every function and method signature is type-annotated, including `-> None` | Pass | Every test function is annotated `-> None`; `constants.py` holds `Final[...]` annotated values. |
+| 5 | No bare `except:`, no swallowed exceptions; specific exceptions are raised and the cause is kept (`raise ... from`) | N-A | The changed files contain no exception handling. |
+| 6 | No mutable default arguments and no shadowed builtins | Pass | No function has a default argument and no builtin is shadowed. |
+| 7 | Files, locks and connections are managed with context managers | N-A | The changed files open no file. |
+| 8 | Public modules, classes and functions have docstrings that say what, not how | Pass | `constants.py` has a Doxygen `##` comment for every constant; the module and the package have docstrings. |
+| 9 | Logging uses `logging`, not `print`; no secrets or personal data in log output | N-A | The changed files neither log nor print. |
+| 10 | Classes and operations trace to the Design Class Diagram they implement; deviations are recorded | Pass | No class exists in these files; the classes of later milestones have no Design Class Diagram, a deviation recorded here: the project is a learning project of this size, and the classes trace to the lectures and to the base. |
+| 11 | Tests exist for new behaviour, are named for the behaviour, and do not depend on order or the network | Pass | `tests/test_constants.py` has 27 tests named for the value they fix; none depends on order or the network. |
+| 12 | Type checker runs in strict mode without errors; `Any` is justified in a comment | Pass | `python -m mypy` runs with `strict = true` and reports no issues; no `Any`. |
+| 13 | Dependencies are declared and pinned in the project's dependency file, none unused | Pass | `dependencies = []`; the `dev` extra declares pytest, ruff and mypy with lower bounds, and all three are used. |
+| 14 | Each piece of knowledge (a business rule, constant, format, validation or query) is defined in one place; code is merged only where it expresses the same knowledge, not where it merely looks alike | Pass | Every value of the lectures is defined once, in `constants.py`; the tests read it from there. |
+| 15 | Imports point inward: business-rule modules import no framework, database, UI or delivery-mechanism code, and there are no import cycles | Pass | `constants.py` imports only `typing.Final`; no import cycle. |
+| 16 | SOLID holds: a class or module has one reason to change; new behaviour is added by extension, not by editing a type test in several places; subclasses honour the contract of their base; protocols are narrow; high-level code depends on protocols or abstract types and receives its implementations | Pass | A module of constants has one reason to change; there is no class to extend. |
+
+## Overall Verdict
+
+Go — all Mandatory criteria pass or are not applicable. Assessed on 2026-10-13 by the assistant that wrote the code, as stand-in for S01 in autonomous mode. Mode: autonomous, not independent. The pull request is the second look.
+
+## Action Items
+
+| Action | Owner | Due |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Challenge this `Go` in the run summary or on the pull request if the stand-in decision is not wanted | S01 | 2026-10-20 |
+
+---
+
+[MIL-001]: ../../milestones/mil-001-project-foundation.md
+[QC-PY-001]: ../../../framework/qc/code/qc-programming-python.md
+[61d6df7]: https://git.tirsystem.com/Tirsvad-Udemy-100-days-of-code/024-snake/commit/61d6df778418312a964b8dba879177c201d28eaf

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=77"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "snake-game"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Snake game from Udemy's 100 Days of Code (day 24), built with Python turtle graphics: continuous play and a high score kept in a file between games."
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.13"
+license = "AGPL-3.0-only"
+license-files = ["LICENSE"]
+authors = [{ name = "Jens Tirsvad Nielsen" }]
+keywords = ["snake", "game", "turtle", "udemy", "100-days-of-code", "high-score"]
+classifiers = [
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+    "Topic :: Education",
+    "Topic :: Games/Entertainment",
+]
+# The game runs on the standard library only (turtle needs tkinter).
+dependencies = []
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+dev = [
+    "pytest>=8",
+    "ruff>=0.6",
+    "mypy>=1.11",
+]
+
+[project.urls]
+Repository = "https://git.tirsystem.com/Tirsvad-Udemy-100-days-of-code/024-snake"
+
+[tool.setuptools.packages.find]
+where = ["src"]
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+pythonpath = ["src", "tests"]
+
+[tool.ruff]
+line-length = 88
+target-version = "py313"
+src = ["src", "tests"]
+extend-exclude = ["framework", "build"]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+select = ["E", "F", "W", "I", "N", "UP", "B", "SIM"]
+
+[tool.mypy]
+python_version = "3.13"
+strict = true
+files = ["src", "tests"]
+mypy_path = ["src", "tests"]

src/snake_game/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+## @package snake_game
+#  @brief Snake game from Udemy's 100 Days of Code (day 24).
+#
+#  @mainpage Snake Game
+#
+#  A snake of three square segments moves across a Python turtle screen by
+#  itself and is steered with the arrow keys. It eats food, grows and keeps a
+#  score. When the head passes the wall or touches the tail the snake and the
+#  score are reset and the game goes on; the high score is kept in the file
+#  data.txt between games. The game uses the standard library only.
+#
+#  The constants of the game are in constants.py.
+
+"""Snake game from Udemy's 100 Days of Code (day 24)."""

src/snake_game/constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+## @file constants.py
+#  @brief Constants of the snake game.
+#
+#  Every value that the day-20, day-21 and day-24 lectures fix lives here, so
+#  that no other module contains a magic number. The turtle coordinate system
+#  has its centre at (0, 0); the 600 by 600 screen therefore reaches from -300
+#  to 300 on both axes. A direction is a turtle heading in degrees: 0 points
+#  right and the angle grows counter-clockwise.
+
+"""Constants of the snake game, as fixed by the day-20, day-21 and day-24 lectures."""
+
+from typing import Final
+
+## @brief Width of the screen in pixels.
+SCREEN_WIDTH: Final[int] = 600
+
+## @brief Height of the screen in pixels.
+SCREEN_HEIGHT: Final[int] = 600
+
+## @brief Background colour of the screen.
+SCREEN_BACKGROUND_COLOR: Final[str] = "black"
+
+## @brief Title of the game window.
+SCREEN_TITLE: Final[str] = "My Snake Game"
+
+## @brief Shape of every body segment of the snake; the head has `HEAD_SHAPE`.
+SEGMENT_SHAPE: Final[str] = "square"
+
+## @brief Colour of every body segment, that is every segment behind the head.
+BODY_COLOR: Final[str] = "light green"
+
+## @brief Colour of the head of the snake.
+HEAD_COLOR: Final[str] = "dark green"
+
+## @brief Name under which the shape of the head is registered with the screen.
+HEAD_SHAPE: Final[str] = "snake_head"
+
+## @brief Outline of the head: a 20 by 20 pixel square, as the corners (x, y).
+#
+#  These are turtle shape coordinates: the front of the shape is the positive y
+#  direction, which a turtle with heading 0 draws pointing right.
+HEAD_OUTLINE: Final[tuple[tuple[int, int], ...]] = (
+    (-10, -10),
+    (-10, 10),
+    (10, 10),
+    (10, -10),
+)
+
+## @brief Outline of the mouth: a wedge cut into the middle of the front edge.
+#
+#  It is 12 pixels wide at the edge and 8 pixels deep, in the same shape
+#  coordinates as `HEAD_OUTLINE`.
+MOUTH_OUTLINE: Final[tuple[tuple[int, int], ...]] = ((-6, 10), (0, 2), (6, 10))
+
+## @brief Colour of the mouth: the background colour, so that it looks cut out.
+MOUTH_COLOR: Final[str] = "black"
+
+## @brief Where the segments are drawn when the game starts, from head to tail.
+#
+#  The positions lie on one row, 20 pixels apart, which is the width of a
+#  default turtle square, so the segments touch without overlapping.
+STARTING_POSITIONS: Final[tuple[tuple[int, int], ...]] = ((0, 0), (-20, 0), (-40, 0))
+
+## @brief Distance in pixels that the head moves in one move.
+MOVE_DISTANCE: Final[int] = 20
+
+## @brief Direction up, as a turtle heading in degrees.
+UP: Final[int] = 90
+
+## @brief Direction down, as a turtle heading in degrees.
+DOWN: Final[int] = 270
+
+## @brief Direction left, as a turtle heading in degrees.
+LEFT: Final[int] = 180
+
+## @brief Direction right, as a turtle heading in degrees.
+RIGHT: Final[int] = 0
+
+## @brief Wait in seconds between two moves.
+REFRESH_DELAY_SECONDS: Final[float] = 0.1
+
+## @brief Shape of the food.
+FOOD_SHAPE: Final[str] = "circle"
+
+## @brief Stretch factor of the food in both directions; 0.5 is half a default turtle.
+FOOD_SIZE: Final[float] = 0.5
+
+## @brief Colour of the food.
+FOOD_COLOR: Final[str] = "blue"
+
+## @brief Speed of the food; `fastest` switches its animation off.
+FOOD_SPEED: Final[str] = "fastest"
+
+## @brief How far from the centre the wall is, on every side, in pixels.
+#
+#  The head must stay inside it, and the food is shown inside it.
+WALL_LIMIT: Final[int] = 280
+
+## @brief The snake eats the food when the head is closer to it than this, in pixels.
+FOOD_COLLISION_DISTANCE: Final[int] = 15
+
+## @brief Text in front of the score on the scoreboard.
+SCORE_LABEL: Final[str] = "Score: "
+
+## @brief Colour of the scoreboard text.
+SCOREBOARD_COLOR: Final[str] = "white"
+
+## @brief Where the scoreboard text is written: the top centre of the screen.
+SCOREBOARD_POSITION: Final[tuple[int, int]] = (0, 270)
+
+## @brief Alignment of the scoreboard text around its position.
+SCOREBOARD_ALIGNMENT: Final[str] = "center"
+
+## @brief Font of the scoreboard text: family, size and style.
+SCOREBOARD_FONT: Final[tuple[str, int, str]] = ("Arial", 24, "normal")
+
+## @brief The head touches the tail when it is closer to a segment than this, in pixels.
+TAIL_COLLISION_DISTANCE: Final[int] = 10
+
+## @brief Text shown when the game is over.
+GAME_OVER_TEXT: Final[str] = "GAME OVER"
+
+## @brief Where the game-over text is written: the centre of the screen.
+GAME_OVER_POSITION: Final[tuple[int, int]] = (0, 0)

tests/test_constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+"""Tests of the constants that the day-20, day-21 and day-24 lectures fix."""
+
+from snake_game import constants
+
+HALF_WIDTH = constants.SCREEN_WIDTH / 2
+HALF_HEIGHT = constants.SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2
+
+
+def test_screen_size_matches_lecture() -> None:
+    assert (constants.SCREEN_WIDTH, constants.SCREEN_HEIGHT) == (600, 600)
+
+
+def test_screen_is_black_and_titled_as_in_the_lecture() -> None:
+    assert constants.SCREEN_BACKGROUND_COLOR == "black"
+    assert constants.SCREEN_TITLE == "My Snake Game"
+
+
+def test_body_segments_are_light_green_squares() -> None:
+    assert constants.SEGMENT_SHAPE == "square"
+    assert constants.BODY_COLOR == "light green"
+
+
+def test_segment_color_no_longer_exists() -> None:
+    assert not hasattr(constants, "SEGMENT_COLOR")
+
+
+def test_head_is_dark_green_and_differs_from_the_body() -> None:
+    assert constants.HEAD_COLOR == "dark green"
+    assert constants.HEAD_COLOR != constants.BODY_COLOR
+
+
+def test_head_shape_has_a_name_that_is_not_a_built_in_shape() -> None:
+    assert constants.HEAD_SHAPE == "snake_head"
+    assert constants.HEAD_SHAPE != constants.SEGMENT_SHAPE
+
+
+def test_head_is_the_20_by_20_square() -> None:
+    assert constants.HEAD_OUTLINE == ((-10, -10), (-10, 10), (10, 10), (10, -10))
+    xs = {x for x, _ in constants.HEAD_OUTLINE}
+    ys = {y for _, y in constants.HEAD_OUTLINE}
+    assert max(xs) - min(xs) == max(ys) - min(ys) == 20
+
+
+def test_mouth_lies_on_the_front_edge_and_inside_the_head() -> None:
+    front = max(y for _, y in constants.HEAD_OUTLINE)
+    half = max(x for x, _ in constants.HEAD_OUTLINE)
+
+    assert constants.MOUTH_OUTLINE == ((-6, 10), (0, 2), (6, 10))
+    assert any(y == front for _, y in constants.MOUTH_OUTLINE)
+    assert all(
+        abs(x) <= half and -half <= y <= front for x, y in constants.MOUTH_OUTLINE
+    )
+
+
+def test_mouth_is_the_colour_of_the_background() -> None:
+    assert constants.MOUTH_COLOR == constants.SCREEN_BACKGROUND_COLOR
+
+
+def test_snake_starts_with_three_segments_at_the_lecture_positions() -> None:
+    assert constants.STARTING_POSITIONS == ((0, 0), (-20, 0), (-40, 0))
+
+
+def test_starting_positions_are_distinct_on_one_row() -> None:
+    positions = constants.STARTING_POSITIONS
+
+    assert len(set(positions)) == len(positions)
+    assert len({y for _, y in positions}) == 1
+
+
+def test_starting_positions_run_from_head_to_tail_leftwards() -> None:
+    x_values = [x for x, _ in constants.STARTING_POSITIONS]
+
+    assert x_values == sorted(x_values, reverse=True)
+
+
+def test_starting_positions_are_one_move_distance_apart() -> None:
+    x_values = [x for x, _ in constants.STARTING_POSITIONS]
+    gaps = {left - right for left, right in zip(x_values, x_values[1:], strict=False)}
+
+    assert gaps == {constants.MOVE_DISTANCE}
+
+
+def test_starting_positions_are_inside_the_screen() -> None:
+    assert all(
+        abs(x) < HALF_WIDTH and abs(y) < HALF_HEIGHT
+        for x, y in constants.STARTING_POSITIONS
+    )
+
+
+def test_move_distance_is_twenty_pixels() -> None:
+    assert constants.MOVE_DISTANCE == 20
+
+
+def test_directions_match_the_lecture_headings() -> None:
+    assert constants.UP == 90
+    assert constants.DOWN == 270
+    assert constants.LEFT == 180
+    assert constants.RIGHT == 0
+
+
+def test_four_directions_are_distinct() -> None:
+    directions = (constants.UP, constants.DOWN, constants.LEFT, constants.RIGHT)
+
+    assert len(set(directions)) == len(directions)
+
+
+def test_opposite_directions_differ_by_half_a_turn() -> None:
+    assert (constants.UP - constants.DOWN) % 360 == 180
+    assert (constants.LEFT - constants.RIGHT) % 360 == 180
+
+
+def test_refresh_delay_is_a_tenth_of_a_second() -> None:
+    assert constants.REFRESH_DELAY_SECONDS == 0.1
+
+
+def test_food_is_a_small_blue_circle_without_animation() -> None:
+    assert constants.FOOD_SHAPE == "circle"
+    assert constants.FOOD_SIZE == 0.5
+    assert constants.FOOD_COLOR == "blue"
+    assert constants.FOOD_SPEED == "fastest"
+
+
+def test_wall_is_inside_the_screen() -> None:
+    assert 0 < constants.WALL_LIMIT < HALF_WIDTH
+    assert constants.WALL_LIMIT < HALF_HEIGHT
+
+
+def test_wall_is_280_pixels_from_the_centre() -> None:
+    assert constants.WALL_LIMIT == 280
+
+
+def test_food_is_eaten_closer_than_15_pixels_which_is_less_than_a_move() -> None:
+    assert constants.FOOD_COLLISION_DISTANCE == 15
+    assert constants.FOOD_COLLISION_DISTANCE < constants.MOVE_DISTANCE
+
+
+def test_scoreboard_is_white_text_at_the_top_centre_inside_the_screen() -> None:
+    x, y = constants.SCOREBOARD_POSITION
+
+    assert constants.SCOREBOARD_COLOR == "white"
+    assert constants.SCOREBOARD_ALIGNMENT == "center"
+    assert (x, y) == (0, 270)
+    assert abs(x) < HALF_WIDTH
+    assert 0 < y < HALF_HEIGHT
+
+
+def test_scoreboard_text_is_score_label_and_arial_24() -> None:
+    assert constants.SCORE_LABEL == "Score: "
+    assert constants.SCOREBOARD_FONT == ("Arial", 24, "normal")
+
+
+def test_tail_is_touched_closer_than_10_pixels_which_is_less_than_a_move() -> None:
+    assert constants.TAIL_COLLISION_DISTANCE == 10
+    assert 0 < constants.TAIL_COLLISION_DISTANCE < constants.MOVE_DISTANCE
+
+
+def test_game_over_text_is_written_at_the_centre_inside_the_wall() -> None:
+    x, y = constants.GAME_OVER_POSITION
+
+    assert constants.GAME_OVER_TEXT == "GAME OVER"
+    assert (x, y) == (0, 0)
+    assert abs(x) < constants.WALL_LIMIT
+    assert abs(y) < constants.WALL_LIMIT